Do you know how to use the dental autoclave

The maintenance/ repair of dental handpieces

Dental handpieces used in dental clinics are precision micro-equipment. In use, in addition to daily disinfection of dental handpieces, correct use and maintenance are important measures for the normal work and prolongation of the handpiece's life; incorrect use will cause work Low speed, high noise and vibration, broken bearing ball frame, etc., greatly reduce the service life.

 

★ Proper use of dental handpieces ★

 

1 before use

(1) Before installing the dental handpiece, press the foot switch to spray out the remaining air and water in the tube, and observe whether the air and water are normal;

(2) install dental handpiece bur;

(a) Screw type: Install the dental handpiece on the treatment table, install the bur, and use the dental handpiece key to tighten it gently. Don't use too much force, just put it in place.

(b) Button type (gland type): press the button on the head of the dental handpiece to load and unload the bur, release the button, and the bur will be clamped. After installing the bur, check whether it is qualified by hand.

(3) Jog the foot switch to adjust the water to an appropriate flow rate and the air to an appropriate pressure. The standard pressure of the high-speed dental handpiece is between 0.2-0.25kgf/cm2.

( 4 ) Note: Before the dental handpiece is equipped with a bur, it is strictly forbidden to step on the foot switch, otherwise the three-leaf spring will rotate out, which will push against the back cover and both will be damaged.

2 in use

(1) When using the dental handpiece, it must be careful, meticulous, and light. It is strictly forbidden to operate brutally, and do not drop the dental handpiece to the ground.

(2) No matter what the angle is, it should be operated according to the way of lifting up and down, so as to achieve light touch and jog, and never use force from side to side.

(3) Use the improved pen grip to hold the dental handpiece, find a stable fulcrum, and perform intermittent operations.

(4) According to the different tooth positions and the different shapes of the prepared holes, replace the dental handpiece and bur in time to minimize the wear on the bearing of the dental handpiece.

(5) Sharp burs should be used. Blunt burs are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also cause damage to the dental handpiece and increase the pain of the patient.

(6) During the use of the dental handpiece, always check whether the needle is loose to avoid flying burs.

(7) Choose different dental handpieces according to different clinical situations (for example, use a miniature handpiece that does not affect the line of sight for posterior tooth pulp opening; use a powerful high-torque handpiece for tooth preparation).

(8) The one-time workload is too large, and two dental handpieces should be used in turn to avoid damage to the dental handpieces due to excessive load, and to save time for replacing dental handpieces.

(9) The radial swing of the rotor of the dental handpieces is serious, and it is strictly forbidden to use it when it is moving longitudinally, and it is strictly forbidden to use the dental handpieces in an anhydrous or water-deficient state.

(10) The air pressure and water pressure will change with the use of the treatment table, so the air pressure and water pressure should be checked frequently during clinical operations to ensure the normal use of the dental handpieces.

★ Maintenance of dental handpieces ★

1 cleaning

After using the dental handpiece, it should be cleaned as soon as possible, otherwise the dirt will solidify and be difficult to clean. Before unloading the bur, clean debris from the working head with water mist, then scrub with 75% alcohol.

2 Take the bur

After use, you only need to loosen (turn) the key by 1/4 turn when removing the needle. If the key is too loose, the three-leaf spring will be pushed against the back cover and damaged. After each use, the burs should be removed in time to facilitate the recovery of the bur clamping mechanism of the dental handpiece.

3 come on

Air pressure oil spray can is the most ideal lubrication tool, it can not only lubricate the dental handpiece, but also achieve the effect of cleaning the bearing and wind wheel.

(1) Before using the oil spray tank, remove the bur (the screw-type dental handpiece can be reversed by 1/4 turn), wrap the handpiece with paper, and insert the nozzle of the oil tank into the air inlet of the dental handpiece to ensure sufficient air pressure.

(2) The air pressure oil spray tank must be used vertically, and each spray is 2-3s.

(3) For 2-hole dental handpieces, the nozzle is aimed at the large hole for spraying; for 4-hole dental handpieces, the nozzle is sprayed for the second largest hole.

(4) If it is oil dripping method, drop 4 drops of oil into the large hole, and then use an air gun to blow air intermittently into the oil filling hole for 30 seconds.

(5) It is strictly forbidden to use industrial lubricating oil for lubrication to prevent patients from being poisoned.

(6) Dental handpieces that are not used for a long time should be filled with oil, sealed and stored.

★ Repair of dental handpiece ★

 

Dental high-speed handpieces come in a wide variety. According to the up and down needle method of the bur, it can be divided into rotary handpiece, push-type handpiece, and push-type handpiece; according to the size of the handpiece, it can be divided into mini-type handpiece, standard handpiece, and torque-type handpiece; according to whether it is equipped with optical fiber It can be divided into handpieces with optical fiber and handpieces without optical fiber.

To overhaul a machine, you must first understand the basic principles and usage of the instrument. Without knowing how to use the instrument correctly, it is difficult to recognize the abnormal state of the instrument. In this case, it is very difficult, sometimes even impossible, to do a good job of overhauling the instrument. The same goes for servicing a dental handpiece, which should begin with a "ask," "see" and "check" approach.

Question: Refers to asking the user about the process of failure, such as whether the head of the dental handpiece does not come out of water, whether it is rotating, whether there is noise (rustling, howling), and whether it is shaking;

Look: just look at the appearance of the dental handpiece, if it has been bumped and dropped, there must be traces of the collision on the appearance;

Inspection: It is to install a standard rod or bur and turn it by hand, listen to the sound or feel whether there is any obvious abnormal phenomenon inside, and then carefully check and prescribe the right medicine, which is very important for developing correct maintenance ideas.

Maintenance is to find out the cause according to the fault phenomenon, eliminate the fault, provide technical support for the doctor, and treat the specific reason in detail.

 

Fault 1: Poor water supply occurs 

Including: (1) Insufficient water supply; (2) Uneven water volume; (3) Water supply is not foggy; (4) No water at all.

Check where the water is blocked:

( 1) Tubing: Remove the turbo dental handpiece and check if a proper amount of water flows out of the tubing. If no water comes out, there may be a problem with the plumbing or the unit's water supply system (poor connection or malfunction, and insufficient water pressure at the water source)

( 2) Interface: Connect the interface with wires for trial operation. If the proper amount of water does not flow out, it indicates a problem at the connection (limescale, etc. clogs the water supply system or the connection is loose, causing insufficient pressure).

(3) Dental handpiece body: After removing the shaft core from the turbine, install the interface for operation. If the proper amount of water is not coming out, then there is a problem within the turbo handpiece body (dirt in the water supply hole or blockage of the water supply in the turbo handpiece).

(4) Shaft core: If the water supply in the above 3 items flows out normally, it is the problem of the shaft core (the water supply nozzle is blocked).

Fault 2: The nozzle of the shaft core is blocked 

Solution:

( 1) Remove the end cover and take out the shaft core.

(2) Remove the nozzle cleaning needle behind the brush, and insert the needle straight into the nozzle.

(3) The nozzle cleaning needle should be inserted to the upper groove (the needle passes through the air injection groove). Use a special brush to clean this part of the dust.

(4) Blow off with a three-purpose gun, etc. from the bur side.

(5) When installing the shaft core on the dental handpiece head, be sure to install the O-ring seal correctly.

Fault 3: The bur is easy to fall off, the bur cannot be pulled out, and the axis vibrates 

Solution:

(1) When selecting a bur, you must confirm the allowable speed range specified by the bur manufacturer, otherwise the bur will easily fall off when the cutting load is greater than the clamping force of the chuck.

(2) The short-handle bur should be used for the mini dental handpiece head, and the long-handle bur is easy to fall off when it is installed.

(3) Do not use worn and thinned burs, bent burs, or burs with missing edges, otherwise the durability of the bearing will be affected.

(4) After the bur is installed, the bur must be pulled out to confirm that it is firmly installed. If it is not inserted deep, or too shallow, it will cause the danger of the bur flying out.

Fault four: The dental handpiece does not turn or the speed is slow

Solution: 

(1) The head of the dental handpiece collides, falls and deforms, which hinders the operation of the wind wheel. As long as it is restored with the right tool, the wind wheel can be made to operate flexibly.

(2) Bearing lacks oil lubrication. Lubricate with dental handpiece lubricant.

(3) The bearing is damaged. Just replace the bearing with the same type.

(4) Low air pressure. If it cannot reach 2. 0 - 2. 5kgf /cm2, adjust the air pressure to stabilize the air pressure at 2. 0 - 2. 5kgf /cm2, and the speed will be normal

 

Maintenance Note:

It is forbidden to use burs with non-standard handles

Do not use bent or deformed burs

Do not press the cover until the dental handpiece is completely stopped

It is forbidden to immerse the dry heat disinfection box in chemical solution for disinfection, and it is recommended to use high temperature and high pressure steam for disinfection

Do not use dental handpieces without disinfection

Unsterilized dental handpieces are prohibited from being sent for repair

 

Good habits to prolong the life of dental handpieces:

1. The sand produced by the sandblasting machine without "anti-suckback" is very harmful to the bearing of the dental handpiece, so try not to use it in the same connecting pipe

2. Ultrasonic cleaners can cause great damage to bearings, so do not use ultrasonic waves to clean dental handpieces

3. The clamping system of the dental handpiece is not durable, or the bur cannot be clamped. Check whether the handle does not meet the standard bur, or the use of inferior burs has damaged the movement of the dental handpiece.

4. Do not increase the pressure by yourself because the drill is not moving. In most cases, the bur is worn out. It is recommended to replace the bur

5. The compressor needs to be cleaned, filtered and waterproofed frequently, otherwise the water in the air will damage the bearing.

Dental handpiece repair kit

The structure of the dental handpiece

Dental handpieces are classified into two types: ball bearing type and air bearing type, according to the different working methods of the bearings used.

Ball bearing type high-speed handpiece is mainly composed of handpiece, handle and dental handpiece connector.

1. The internal structure of the machine head

The vortex core rotor is the core component of the machine head. It is composed of a bearing, a wind wheel and a mandrel. There are upper and lower miniature bearings in the machine head. The bearing is cushioned with an O-shaped rubber ring to keep the bur at high speed. Radial and axial concentricity during rotation, and reduces operating noise and vibration.

2. Clamping method of bur

There are various ways for the machine head to clamp the bur. In the early days, the reed-type clamp was used, that is, there were 3 evenly divided bow-shaped reeds in the mandrel. The bur handle is inserted into it, and the reed is deformed by force to clamp the needle handle.

Nowadays, screw-type and pressing-type bur clamping methods are mostly used. The clamping sleeve of this dental handpiece has an elastic three-lobed clamping spring. The clamping spring is in the shape of a hammer and has three axial grooves. Or press the top spring to open or lock the clamp spring to hold the bur.

3. Spray structure

There is a water pipe and a gas pipe at the tail of the turbine dental handpiece. The water and gas are mixed at the outlet of the handpiece and sprayed out from the spray hole in the form of a mist.

4. Dental handpiece connector

The dental handpiece connector is the connection between the handpiece and the output hose of the main unit. The main air flow that drives the rotation of the dental handpiece wind wheel and the branch air that generates atomization enter the main air hole, branch hole and water hole of the dental handpiece connector through the pipeline respectively. Dental handpiece. There are two ways of connection between the handpiece and the handpiece connector: one is with a fixed lock nut on the handpiece connector, and the other is with a quick-release connector.

RUITO dental equipment company offer all kinds of dental handpiece with good price,if want to know more,please check the website:www.ruitodental.com.

Use of dental implanter and maintenance of implant motor

Dental Implant Motor Features:

1) Intuitive LCD display and control panel bring convenience to the operation;

2) Original imported brushless motor is characterized by great torque, low noise, non-vibrations as well as accuracy;

3) Alternative input supply voltage: AC100-110V or AC220-240V;

4) Multifunctional foot switch is not only handy to operate but also against cross-infection caused by the contact between hands and the device;

5) Adjustable rotation speed, torque, coolant flow and forward/reverse, which can meet various demands during implanting process;

6) 10 types of reduction contra angles are able to be selected in order to meet various clinical demands;

7) 10 kinds of program settings. Each of which allows setting up different values ​​of rotation speed, torque, coolant flow, forward/ reverse and reduction ratio.

Specification:

Power Supply: AC100-110V or AC220-240V 50/60HZ

Conductivity Detection Range: 210W

Motor Rotation Speed ​​Range :1000rpm-30000rpm (1:1)

Torque Range: 5.0-55N.cm (20:1)

Coolant Flow: 0-100ml/min

Stored Programs: 10 types

Foot Switch: Control coolant flow, program forward/reverse, speed

Maintenance of control unit and foot switch:

When wiping off the blood or normal saline on the control unit and the foot switch, please unplug the power cord first, wipe it off with a cloth soaked in water (after wringing it out), and then carefully wipe it with a cloth containing disinfectant alcohol go.

Automatic protection circuit:

When the motor is overloaded, in order to protect the motor and the control host, the protection circuit starts to activate, and the power supply to the motor is automatically cut off.

How to release the protection circuit

Release and then step on the foot switch to release the action of the protection circuit.

Replace the fuse:

If the voltage is abnormal, plug in the power supply and start the machine, but the machine does not respond, please check the fuse.

How to replace the fuse? Please use a tool to pry open the fuse box on the back of the control host, pull out the old fuse, and replace it with a new one. 

How to maintain the dental handpiece:

After each treatment, rotate the handpiece of the handpiece in clean water for 4-5 seconds to wash off the attached blood and saline. If there is too much dirt attached to the body of the dental handpiece, wash it with water and wipe it off with a dry soft cloth. Do not fully immerse the handpiece in water to prevent water from entering the handpiece from the rear of the handpiece.

Specific operations:

After each operation,

1. Wipe the surface of the dental handpiece with 75% alcohol gauze.

2. Then replace the salt water with distilled water, and run the motor to rinse the inside of the dental handpiece.

3. Disassemble the dental handpiece and soak it in a special disinfectant solution for 10~15min. Alcohol and hydrogen peroxide are prohibited.

4. Scrub the blood stains with a soft brush, place it in an ultrasonic vibration cleaning machine, pay attention to separating it with a rubber pad, and finally ultrasonically clean it with distilled water

5. Oil injection lubrication

Lubricate the thoroughly cleaned and dry parts separately for assembly.

Use of dental implant: used for perforation of jaw bone or implant drilling during oral implant treatment.

Indications for dental implants:

1.Patients with missing one tooth, multiple teeth, or all teeth.

2.The alveolus of the mandibular full mouth is completely absorbed, it is difficult to wear traditional full mouth dentures, the function is not good, and it is difficult to wear them securely.

3.Those who wear traditional removable dentures with poor fixation and cannot tolerate non-functional mucous membranes.

4.Those who have special requirements for the appearance and function of dentures.

5.There is a problem with the remaining teeth around the missing teeth, and traditional dentures cannot be used.

Prohibited items:

1.Be sure to replace the bur or attach and detach the dental handpiece after the rotation of the motor has completely stopped. (May cause injury.)

2.After the treatment, please clean it immediately, lubricate it with oil (do not lubricate the motor with oil), and sterilize it at high temperature and high pressure. (May cause blood to clot inside the dental handpiece.)

3.In the environment of electromagnetic waves, malfunction may occur. Do not place this product near machines that generate electromagnetic waves.

Dental endo motor with apex locator operate video

Updated 5 working models NEW R-Smart Plus dental endo motor with apex locator

Feature
Six Functions;
German Motor;
Large Colorful OLED Screen;
Four Working Modes;
R-Smart Plus New Apex Locator with Endo Motor.

 

Technical Data
Battery: 7.2V/1400mAh
Adapter: 100V~240V 0.8A 50Hz/60Hz
Revolving speed: 200~600rpm
Torsion: 0.6~4.0N.cm
Dimensions: 250mm*210mm*140mm
Buzzer alert: The buzzer will alert when the file is less than 2mm closed to the apex

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Email:ruito@ruitodental.com 

How to Find The Best Dental Equipment Dental Handpiece

Are you looking for good, cheap dental equipment? Do you want to find a full range of dental equipment?

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#dentalequipment 

#dentalequipmentsupplier

#dentalequipmentmanufacturer

Here's a video on how to install a dental X-ray machine sensor.

High quality portable dental HDR intraoral X-ray sensor dental imaging plate scanner dental

X ray sensor Professional High Technology : CMOS detector technology with CSI scintillator Ensures optimal resolution Low dose clinical imaging AED Technology : Automatic exposure detection,Fast imaging,easy workflow compatible with different x ray generators. High-speed Direct USB interface Easy to connect to PCs without needing an additional control box Ergonomic Design : Rounded corner,smooth edges,flexible cable Untra-slim Design : 4.4mm sensor,enables maximum patient comfort Multi-languages: Covenient for dentists in different countries and regions. Specification: Theoretical Resolution    25lp/mm True Resolution   20lp/mm Pixel Matrix   1000*1500 Active Area(mm)   20*30 Mechanical Size(mm)   25.4*36.8*4.4 Data interface   USB 2.0 AD Conversion(bit)   16 Protection   IP68  Air pressure : 860hPa~1060hPa;

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Maintenance of Dental Autoclave Sterilizer

Sterilizer is an instrument that can kill or remove all microorganisms on the transmission medium, including bacterial spores and non-pathogenic microorganisms. There are usually three methods: moist heat sterilization, dry heat sterilization, and chemical sterilization.

The Dental Autoclave Sterilizer consists of a water tank, a sterilization chamber, a thermal insulation layer, a door body, a pipeline system, a control system and an outer casing. The sterilizer should have a 121°C or 134°C setting program. The sterilization temperature should not exceed the set temperature of 4 °C; the temperature difference between any two points should not exceed 2 °C; the performance of other products should meet the technical requirements of registered products. Doing good maintenance and maintenance is actually the best way to prolong the life of each instrument and reduce the incidence of failures. There is no shortage of sterilizers. After all, long-term sterilization of sterilizers is also necessary. Better maintenance and maintenance are required.

1. Daily maintenance
1.1 Scrub the exterior of the sterilizer and keep the sterilization chamber clean and dry every day
1.2 Cleaning of the filter screen, the filter screen is easily attached to various fiber debris and sediments, which will seriously affect the speed of vacuuming and the smoothness of condensed water treatment
1.3 Check whether the rubber ring is damaged or not and whether the air inlet is blocked. It is best to apply talcum powder on the rubber strip after using it every day to prolong the service life of the rubber strip.
1.4 Check whether the pointer of the pressure gauge can return to "0", and the degree is not accurate
1.5 After the sterilization work is over, cut off the power supply, turn off the power supply, and turn off the steam power supply.

2. Regular maintenance:
2.1 Clean the inner wall of the sterilization pot with neutral detergent every week; remove the remaining water inside the boiler and close the valve in time
2.2 Pull the handle of the safety valve in the inner chamber of the sterilizer once a month and flush it with steam to prevent its action from malfunctioning. At the same time, it should be noted that the sterilization room must be thoroughly descaled, repaired and maintained at least once a month. When descaling, properly mix water and descaling agent according to the principle of 1:100, and then perform descaling after mixing evenly. After 10 minutes, clean the container and then wipe the container with a lint-free cloth to keep the container dry. The sterilization room and the cleaning car can also be cleaned according to the above method, and the stainless steel parts should be wiped with gauze soaked in paraffin oil.
2.3 Every quarter, let the pressure sterilizer manufacturer carry out large-scale maintenance and repair work on the instrument. For example, check whether the door panel of the autoclave is flat, and remove the cover panel in the autoclave. At the same time, rust should be removed for the rusted parts, and high temperature lubricating oil should be added to the pressure sterilizer.
2.4 Remove the sealing strip every half a year, clean it with soapy liquid, wipe it with alcohol and dry it, and then put it back into the sealing tank; descale the steam generator; clean the air inlet and water inlet pipe filters; And steam generator pressure gauge sent to the Measurement Technology Testing Institute for testing and retain the test certificate.
2.5 The sterilizer and the safety valve of the steam generator are sent to the Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Institute for inspection once a year and the inspection report is retained.

Whether it is daily maintenance or regular maintenance, it is an opportunity for the instrument to rejuvenate. In the day-to-day work, it can also feel a refreshing maintenance, which can not only prolong the service life, but also stabilize the way it works.  ----From Ruito dental equipment

Website:www.ruitodental.com

Email:ruito@ruitodental.com

Correct use of transparent scaler

Periodontal disease is one of the frequently-occurring and common diseases in oral diseases. The statistical incidence rate is high in all countries in the world. Teeth cleaning is an ideal treatment method for periodontal disease. Ultrasonic scaler is an efficient scaler. It uses high-frequency vibration energy to remove calculus and plaque, especially for calculus, soft scale and pigment attached to the tooth surface. The rational use of ultrasonic scaler is very important. Improper operation will cause damage to the tooth and even the pulp tissue, and will also cause premature wear of the cutter head and loss of power.

1. Principle of action

The ultrasonic scaler consists of two parts: an ultrasonic generator and a converter, and is equipped with a mobile phone, a replaceable working head, and a foot switch. Its working principle is to convert electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical energy, so that the working head vibrates at a high speed. The frequency is between 25kHz and 32kHz. This high-frequency vibration can break the calculus and cause it to fall off the tooth surface. Since the ultrasonic wave causes the high-frequency vibration of the working head to generate a lot of heat, it must be equipped with a cooling system. At the same time, through the cavitation of water It generates pressure locally to clean the surgical area.

2. Clinical Operation

1). Use the modified pen type to hold the handpiece of the instrument, and make a conventional fulcrum in the mouth to stabilize the instrument.

2). Make the long axis of the working head parallel to the long axis of the tooth body, the working angle is not more than 15°, and try to make the working head fit the tooth surface as much as possible.

3). The working head should not stop on the tooth surface. Always keep it moving on the tooth surface. The end of the working head cannot be vertically aligned with the tooth surface. When removing calculus, the pressure should be light, and the calculus should be dislocated by vertical or oblique movements. If the working head is stuck between the teeth, the work should be stopped immediately. Then gently withdraw in the direction of the abduction gap, do not twist strongly, and do not try to withdraw while maintaining the working state, otherwise the cutter head will be easily broken, especially the powerful imported scaler.

4). When the patient wears a porcelain crown and bridge, and the adjacent occlusal surface has fillings, photosensitive resin and other restorations, the working head should not move directly on the coronal surface or fillings, so as to avoid crown cracks or fillings falling off.

5). During subgingival scaling, the side of the working tip moves gently back and forth along the gingival margin, and gradually moves down. The end of the working tip is long and tapered, which can extend into the periodontal pocket, and insert the probe into the periodontal pocket. To a certain depth, guide the working tip to move slowly along the incisal plane of the tooth for 30-60 seconds, and then remove the working tip from the periodontal pocket.

3. Performance characteristics

1). Ultrasonic scaler has the advantages of high speed, high efficiency, time saving and labor saving, constant vibration frequency, high strength, strength, durability, easy removal of calculus, small postoperative reaction of patients, and light tooth sensitivity.

2). Water volume adjustment, the working head is in the form of water mist as the standard. When there is dripping water, it means that the water volume is too large, and the water volume is too small, which will burn the patient's mucous membranes, lips, and damage the teeth and machines.

3). Ultrasonic vibration will produce a real cavitation effect, which is more effective in killing anaerobic bacteria in the periodontal pocket.

4). It can meet various clinical needs and has a wide range of uses, such as removing crowns, removing studs, and replacing special cutter heads for root canal treatment.

4. Cleaning, maintenance and disinfection

The shell, transformer, foot flat wrench, mobile phone line, etc. can be wiped with a neutral and clean soft cloth containing alcohol and no abrasive. The working handle can be sterilized by high temperature, high pressure and chemical disinfection. The front end of the handle can be removed for disinfection.

5. Precautions

1). When the handle is connected to the handle wire, just insert it lightly and do not turn it.

2). The shape, gloss and surface smoothness of each working tip are of extremely high standards. Please do not grind or modify it by yourself.3. When tightening and removing the working tip, it should be done in the direction of the axis of the handle.

4). During use, when the vibration is weakened, please pay attention to check whether the working tip is tightened.

5). When cleaning, just place the handle lightly on the tooth surface, no need to apply force.

6). Patients with bleeding tendency and those with an ultra-pacemaker are disabled.

www.ruitodental.com

Common questions about using dental endo motor and clinical attention for root canal preparation

Dental endo motor Root canal instruments are widely used in oral clinics. So the question is, what are the common questions when using the Dental endo motor?

A. Can Dental endo motor be used for any root canal treatment?

R. The curved and calcified root canal hand、machine combination is safer

A. The surgeon feels that the preparation speed is too slow?

R. 250-400rpm is the safest and most efficient speed for Nitinol

A. Is the torque smaller the better?

R. It is very important to limit the torque, a reasonable torque is the guarantee of cutting force

A. Is it possible to expand while measuring?

R. The main purpose of expanding while measuring is to prevent the expansion of the apical foramen. For conditions that cannot be accurately adapted to root measuring, the expanding while measuring cannot be used.

A. Can measuring and expanding at the same time replace the root canal measurement alone?

R. Root canal measurement is affected by a variety of environments, and root canal treatment should strictly follow the sequence of "establishing a straight path - root canal measurement - preparation" to prevent accidental risks

A. What kind of machine do users use to expand needles?

R. Generally speaking, any brand of nickel-titanium expansion system can be used, each with its own characteristics, which mainly depends on the cost-effectiveness and the familiarity of the doctor.

How to prevent broken endomotor root canal file

① To prevent endomotor root canal files breakage, the operator's experience is the key

1. Learning about the machine and endomotor root canal files allows you to reduce the risk of use;

a. Control the torque and speed It is best to set the torque control motor and the matching speed. Following the torque recommended by the endomotor root canal files manufacturer, speed is especially important for treatment safety.

b. Measure the length of the instrument each time it enters the root canal. Instruments that are too long increase the risk of torsional fracture. Equipped with root canal length measuring instrument, calipers, etc. for working length measurement.

2. The correct operation method is very important: do not pressurize and force the tip. The instruments cannot stay in the root canal for too long;

3. Instruments should be checked before surgery,

a. The fracture of instruments mostly occurs in molars, especially in small and narrow root canals such as the mesial root canals of upper and lower molars, and special care should be taken before treatment;

b. Curved root canals, re-treatment and calcified root canals require special requirements for instruments and manipulations, and it is best to use a new root canal files;

4. Establish a straight path to maintain an unobstructed root canal, pay attention to gestures during operation, and try to ensure that the enlargement root canal files and the root canal path are in a straight line to reduce the bending resistance of the enlargement root canal files at the crown and the stress on the instrument;

5. The root canal should be kept fully lubricated and should be flushed every time it is prepared;

6. Because the inside of the root canal is narrow, do not put pressure on the enlargement root canal files during operation, and the cutting should be done completely by the power of the machine itself and the sharp edge of the enlargement root canal files;

7. In the case of inexperience, it is safest to use the recommended minimum torque. In general, lower rotational speeds will extend the clinical life of the device and reduce the chance of breakage.

② Efficient and safe, excellent equipment is the guarantee

1. Nickel-titanium expansion requires both rotational speed and torque. Inappropriate rotational speed and overloaded torque are important factors for root canal files breakage.

2. Control the torque and speed Follow the torque recommended by the expanding root canal files manufacturer.

3. Measure the length of the instrument each time it enters the root canal. Equipped with root canal length measuring instrument, calipers and other tools for working length measurement.

③ Select and use the expanding root canal files

1. In addition to the difference in material and design, different endomotor root canal files are very knowledgeable, including the bonding of the blade spiral.

Familiar with the performance of nickel-titanium instruments, use methods and root canal preparation techniques. Such as: the endomotor root canal files of mature big brands, such as Protaper, profile, K3, etc., all advocate the use of root-oriented technology;

2. With the continuous update of nickel-titanium root canal instrument technology, the domestic enlarged needles have made great progress. The design and manufacture of nickel-titanium root canal enlargement root canal files with higher cutting efficiency, better forming ability, less stress and stronger fracture resistance have been improved in new materials and manufacturing processes. For example, the sc enlarged file has special channel file and open file. The system is 0.02 and 0.08 respectively, and its tip diameter is 15mm and 30mm, respectively. The special heat treatment process makes the nickel-titanium resistant to torsion and bending fatigue, and can rebound. Performance and life be greatly improved.

3. Choose and use the endomotor root canal files well, and control the number of times of use when using it: when using it, you should observe more whether there is wire drawing or deformation, and if you find it, you must discard it in time, otherwise you will regret it;

4. Taking SC-Pro as an example, it is recommended to have 25-30 root canals for anterior teeth and 1 or so root canals (or 5 posterior teeth) for posterior teeth. The preparation of sharply curved root canals will cause great damage to the instruments and is recommended for one-time use. After each use, it is best to record the number of uses to prevent the equipment from fatigue; the debris of the enlarged root canal files blade should be cleaned repeatedly and in time, and a cleaning table should be equipped.

Clinical treatment steps and precautions

① Requirements for opening the pulp hole (medullary cavity preparation):

removal of the entire medullary roof;

The wall of the pulp opening should be in line with the apex 1/3 of the root canal, and there is no resistance between the instrument and the wall of the coronal root canal;

Make the temporary sealing drug retain well;

Provide a space for the irrigation fluid to flow, and minimize the damage to the tooth tissue.

Steps: local anesthesia---adding the rubber dam---removing all the humus---removing the pulp top---forming a straight line with 1/3 of the root tip.

② Determination of root canal length

Be sure to have the exact working length before doing the apical 1/3 preparation.

(1) Subtract 2mm from the preoperative film as the estimated root canal length (IL)

(2) 06 or 08# file and pre-bend the tip to estimate the length of the root canal, prepare the root canal to the 10 or 15# file and enter the root canal, and feel stuck, if the root canal diameter is larger than 10 or 15 #File, you can directly select a file that can be held for diagnostic root length measurement.

(3) Parallel projection X-rays.

(4) WL=IL±d-1, + if the instrument is shorter than the root hole, - if the instrument exceeds the root hole.

(5) If the instrument is more than 4mm away from the root hole, the diagnostic wire photography should be readjusted.

(6) If the length of the diagnostic wire is adjusted with a root length measuring instrument before the diagnostic wire is used, the distance between the diagnostic wire and the apical foramen can be avoided.

③ Principles of root canal irrigation

Flushing should include the number of flushes, the amount of fluid to be flushed and the depth of flushing. Before root canal preparation, every file change, before trying the main gutta-percha and before sealing the medicine, it should be rinsed, and the amount of each rinse should be more than 1-2mm. The role of the rinse solution: rinse, disinfect, lubricate, dissolve organic matter, bleach. The most commonly used rinsing fluid is NaOCl. Root canal preparation must be done in moist conditions. The irrigator should be open on the side of the tip, and the irrigator should be loosely placed in the root canal. The mechanical flushing effect only occurs at the part where the flusher reaches, therefore, the flusher should be placed at a sufficient depth, and the flushing speed should not be too fast and the force should not be too large.

④Principles of root canal preparation

Before the root tip 1/3 is prepared, the working length must be accurate; the root canal must be kept moist during root canal preparation to ensure adequate irrigation; the root canal file should not be skipped; the root canal file should be pre-bent; the minimum expansion of the root apex is 25 #, easy to fill; according to the difference of the initial filing, the MAF of each tooth is different, generally 2-3 sizes larger than the initial filing. If the MAF is less than 60#, a 4mm retreat preparation should be done, 1mm each time. If the MAF is greater than 60, it should go back and expand by 2. Preparation of the coronal 2/3: The purpose is to provide sufficient access for the lateral compression device to reach the apical region. The lateral pressure device should be able to reach the apex of 2 mm, otherwise it will not be able to form a good apical sealing effect. GG BUR 2# should reach no less than 6mm apex, or 2/3 of the working length, GG BUR 3# is 2-3mm shorter than GG BUR 2#. Reconditioning of the root canal wall: The MAF file is pre-bent to the working degree to make the root canal wall smooth. Check the taper of the root canal preparation with a lateral pressure. The lateral pressure device corresponding to the MAF should be able to freely reach 1-2 mm from the apex; the apical stenosis is obvious and there is a clear stop (STOP); no debris is deposited within a few mm of the apical area; the root canal wall is smooth without Step; 2/3 taper of root canal crown is sufficient, greater than the taper of gutta percha and the corresponding taper of lateral pressure

⑤ Notes on root canal filling

Root canal filling methods: cold lateral pressure, hot lateral pressure, vertical pressure.

Choice of main gutta-percha tip: freely enter 1-2mm from the apex and feel tight (TUGBACK); consistent with or slightly larger than the prepared MAF; within 0.5mm of the working length; in the apical stenosis blocked.

Notes for root filling: The root filling paste should be applied only to the root canal wall; the paste should be applied using a paper twist or a file equivalent to MAF; the tip of the main gutta-percha dipped in paste is inserted to the working length; the lateral pressure device should be able to reach The distance from the working length is 1-2mm; generally, only 2-3 auxiliary tips with the same taper as the lateral pressure device are recommended; if the main apex is found to be short or over 2mm on the postoperative apical radiograph, it should be refilled.

Problems in root canal preparation

(1) Loss of working length

Causes: root canal blockage, shoulder formation, instrument breakage, accumulation of dentin debris in the apical area, etc.

The precautionary principle: reference point fixation

Fixed stopper position

Pre-bent all root canal files

Note that the curve of the root canal file should be consistent with the curve of the root canal

The X-ray projection angle should be consistent

Preservation of root canal preparation

Repeated use of small files to open the root canal (recapitulation)

Prepare root canals one by one.

(2) Root canal blockage:

Causes: dentin debris, filling material blocking the apical area, etc.

Preventive principle: remove carious tissue and unbase glaze before pulp opening

The root canal orifice should be adequately prepared;

Rinse extensively to remove debris;

The root canal file should be cleaned when it enters the root canal again;

The root canal file cannot be skipped;

Repeated use of small files to open the root canal (recapitulation);

Do not over-rotate or force the file;

Do not prepare root canals in dry conditions;

Temporary seal perfect;

Treatment method: try 15#K file or expander to pass the blockage

The tip of the 10#K file is bent 3-4mm into a 45-degree angle, and it is rotated along the circumference of the blockage to find the feeling of being stuck (catch). blockage. And according to X-ray to determine. EDTA helps.

If the blocked part cannot pass, it should be prepared to the blocked part, and root filling should be done, and regular observation; the root tip can also be plasticized, and the root filling can also be plasticized. Root surgery if necessary.

(3) Ledging and shoulder passing:

Reason: root canal file has no pre-bending, shoulder formation, etc.

Change the file too fast, skip the number.

Prevention of Shoulder Formation: Preparatory Steps for Small, Curved, Calcified Root Canals

exact working length

The medullary cavity is filled with NaOCl

Pre-bend 06#, 08# and 10# root canal files, and gradually reach the working length. Use the step-by-step root canal file preparation method and 1-3mm short strokes (in-and-out strokes).

The shoulder can be removed if detected early, but it is more difficult to remove the shoulder produced by the 25# or 30# file. The method is the same as through the root canal blockage.

(4) The method of breaking and taking out the instrument:

prevention:

① Replace the new file in time:

② After the root canal file reaches the working length, you can only do the file action, 1-3mm pulling; do not rotate

Use of H file: H file can only be used for lifting in loose root canals.

Treatment: The instrument is broken at the root canal orifice, and the instrument can be exposed for 2mm along the periphery of the instrument with a small bur, and taken out with a small blood vessel forceps.

The instrument is broken deep in the root canal, and the ultrasonic method is used.

If the broken instrument is firmly stuck in the root canal, apical surgery should be performed. The broken instrument is closely combined with the dentin of the root canal wall, and the prognosis is good. If the broken instrument is loose in the root canal or out of the apical foramen, surgery should be performed.

(5) Changes in the position of the apical foramen (zipping, transposition, transportation)

Reason: The root canal file was not pre-bent, and the preparation device for the root canal curve was too large and too hard.

Appearance: teardrop

Prevention: pre-curve root canal file; prepare in the opposite direction of curvature (anticurvature filing).

Treatment: teardrop-shaped formation, which can be filled by various methods; if the apical foramen is displaced and perforated, a paste containing Ca(OH)2 should be used; elbow-shaped structure formation (elbow) is best to use vertical compression method root Charge. Radical surgery should be performed if treatment fails.

(6) Insufficient or excessive root canal preparation

Problems and countermeasures in root canal filling

(1) The main gutta percha tip cannot reach the working length

Cause: dentin debris clogging the apical area;

shoulder formation;

Insufficient taper or poor continuity of the root canal;

Artificial root canal formation or straightening of curved root canals, loss of working length;

The gutta-percha tip is too large or the taper is not standard.

Treatment method: The main file is used to prepare the root canal again to reach the apical area, and each file should be properly pre-bent; diagnostic wire photography is used to determine the problem; a lot of rinsing to remove the blockage; after the root canal is re-prepared and dried, the main file should be used again to determine The apical area is well prepared.

(2) The main gutta-percha tip has no tightness

Reason: The apical area is prepared at 25-40#, sometimes it is difficult to feel tightness, and it is easy to feel tightness above 40#;

The taper of the main gutta-percha tip is poor, and the main gutta-percha tip is too small;

Discontinuous taper of root canal preparation, displacement and deformation of the apical foramen;

dentin debris remains in the root canal;

Treatment method: Change the taper of the tip of the main gutta-percha tip

The use of gutta percha (GP gauge): the too-fine gutta percha tip must have a diameter hole one size larger than the gutta percha gauge, and cut off 0.5-1mm.

(3) The root filling in the apical area is not dense

Reasons: The apical area is not patency or the taper is insufficient, and the lateral pressure device cannot reach the apex;

The auxiliary gutta-percha tip is not dipped in root filling paste, the auxiliary gutta-percha tip is not long enough to reach the depth reached by the lateral pressure device, or the tip is curved;

Side pressure is too large;

Too much root filling paste;

Excessive accumulation of dentin debris in the apical area (1-3mm)